basic nerve cell in centeral nervos systemname

The hypothalamus is a smaller part of the diencephalon The Spinal Cord The thalamus is where sensory and other impulses go and coalesce. It includes the thalamus and hypothalamus. It is involved in the control of voluntary and involuntary movement as well as balance. The portion of the brain that is in the back of the head, between the cerebrum and the brain stem. The hemispheres are further divided into four lobes: Each hemisphere controls the activities of the side of the body opposite that hemisphere. The brain stem consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. The brain stem controls the flow of messages between the brain and the rest of the body, and it also controls basic body functions such as breathing, swallowing, heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness, and whether one is awake or sleepy. The stem-like part of the base of the brain that is connected to the spinal cord. White matter in the brainĬarries impulses to and from grey matter. Neurons and neuroglia are in the grey matter. Grey matter receives and stores impulses. There are two types of matter in the brain: grey matter and white It has nerve cells (neurons) and supporting cells (gilia). The brain weighs approximately 1.3 to 1.4 kg. The brain consists of four principal parts: The brain lies within the skull and is shaped like a mushroom. It is responsible for integrating sensory information and responding accordingly. The central nervous system is divided into two major parts: the brain and the spinal cord. Repair neurons and help restore neuron function.Create insulation called myelin, which helps move nerve impulses.Glia perform many important functions that keep the nervous system working Functions of Gilia The nervous system also includes non-neuron cells, called glia (pronounced GLEE-uh). The electrical signal then travels through the neuron and goes through the same conversion processes as it moves to neighboring neurons. The neurotransmitters move the signal through the synapse to the neighboring dendrite, which converts the chemical signal back into an electrical signal. The axon then releases the chemical signal with chemical messengers called neurotransmitters into the synapse (pronounced SIN-aps)-the space between the end of an axon and the tip of a dendrite from another neuron.

At the end of the axon, the electrical signal changes to a chemical signal. When a neuron sends a message to another neuron, it sends an electrical signal down the length of its axon.

These include keeping a regular heartbeat, releasing hormones like adrenaline, opening the pupil in response to light, and regulating the digestive system. Other parts of the nervous system control involuntary processes. Sensory neurons detect light, sound, odor, taste, pressure, and heat and send messages about those things to the brain. For instance, motor neurons transmit messages from the brain to the muscles to generate movement. Axons are also called nerve fibres.ĭifferent types of neurons control or perform different activities. Axons and dendrites allow neurons to communicate, even across long distances. Bundles of axons, called nerves, are found throughout the body. A neuron has a cell body, which includes the cell nucleus, and special extensions called axons (pronounced AK-sonz) and dendrites (pronounced DEN-drahytz). The human brain contains about 100 billion neurons. The basic unit of the nervous system is a nerve cell, or neuron. It guides everyday activities such as waking up automatic activities such as breathing and complex processes such as thinking, reading, remembering, and feeling emotions. The nervous system plays a role in nearly every aspect of our health and well-being. The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body. The components of the nervous system are the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.Īs stated by the National Institutes of Health, the central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The nervous system is a complex network of nerves and cells that transmit signals between different parts of the body.

Basic nerve cell in centeral nervos systemname